Syntactic Reference Corpus of Medieval
French (SRCMF)
Sophie Prévost (CNRS Lattice, Paris)
/
Achim Stein (ILR, Universität Stuttgart)
1 SRCMF
1.1 Reference to the corpus
- Please cite the corpus as follows:
Prévost, Sophie; Stein, Achim. 2013. Syntactic Reference Corpus of
Medieval French (SRCMF) [version number]. ENS de Lyon/ILR Stuttgart.
BibTeX entry
- The SRCMF is registered as International
Standard Language Resource
with the ISLRN
899-492-963-833-3
1.2 About the project
- Funding: Syntactic Reference Corpus of Medieval
French (SRCMF) was financed by the Agence nationale de la
recherche (ANR) and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG),
1.3.2009-29.2.2012
- Staff: principal investigators**, researchers* and
cooperators:
- CNRS Lattice Paris (F): Sophie Prévost**, Julie
Glikman*
- ENS Lyon (F): Céline Guillot, Serge Heiden, Alexei
Lavrentiev*, Christiane Marchello-Nizia (émérite), Tom Rainsford*
- ILR Universität Stuttgart (D): Achim Stein**,
Beatrice-Barbara Bischof*, Nicolas Mazziotta*
- Description: The SRCMF is the first dependency treebank
for Old French. It consists of syntactically annotated parts of two
text corpora of Medieval French:
A treebank is a text corpus which includes the annotation of a
syntactic structure for each sentence. For SRCMF, a dependency
grammar was used. Fifteen texts covering the Old French period from
842 to the end of the 13th century and containing about 251000
words were annotated manually and published along with the tools and
documentation on this website. The work group delivered the
following results and resources:
- a dependency grammar model for the annotation of these
corpora;
- a detailed documentation of the syntactic categories of the
grammar model, as well as annotation guidelines;
- the tool NotaBene for manual syntactic annotation and
comparison of annotated corpora;
- a double-checked, high quality morphological and syntactic
annotation
- interfaces to export the annotation to TigerXML (allowing to
use the TigerSearch tool) and to the CoNLL shared task
format (allowing to train dependency parsers).
1.3 Quick start
If you already know TigerSearch (or if you don't want to read instructions):
- Download and install TigerSearch (see section 4.2
below).
- Download the binary files of a corpus text and install them (see
section 2.1 below).
You may also wish to use this detailed tutorial:
2 Access
2.1 Online access
(in preparation)
Online queries via a TXM web interface for SRCMF will be provided by
the database Base de français médiéval
(BFM).
This TXM interface will allow for TigerSearch queries online.
2.2 Download
In this section, you can download the SRCMF files in various formats.
The table does not contain detailed information about the
corpora. Please refer to the bibliographies of BFM and NCA (see
section 1.2).
- Title/Date: Short title and approximate date. For
details consult the BFM bibliography or the date given in the
header of the XML-TEI edition.
- Words: Rounded figures indicate that the text is an
excerpt of the complete original text (e.g. Roman de la rose).
- TigerBinary files: ready to use with TigerSearch. Unpack the zipped
files, move the resulting directory in the directory
TIGERCorpora of your TigerSearch installation. The corpus
will appear if you (re)start TigerSearch or if you refresh the
corpus tree if TigerSearch is already running.
- TigerXML: install TigerSearch, unpack the zipped XML files, use
TigerRegistry (delivered with TigerSearch) to register them in
TigerSearch. Use TigerSearch for queries (see the TigerSearch manual
for more information).
- RDF: the original annotation format (RDF) produced by
the NotaBene annotation tool. See the RDF/XML
syntax specification
and
the NotaBene documentation for more information. The RDF file can
be used to correct the annotation in NotaBene, but you need to pair
it with the XML text source file. Please contact us if you want to work
with the RDF files.
| Title |
Date |
Form |
Words |
TigerBinary |
TigerXML |
RDF |
(c) |
|---|
| Serments de Strasbourg |
842 |
prose |
115 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1) |
| Sequence de Sainte Eulalie |
881 |
verse |
189 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1) |
| Passion de Clermont |
2nde moitié 10e |
verse |
2842 |
|
|
|
(1a) |
| Vie Saint Léger |
2nde moitié 10e |
verse |
1388 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1a) |
| Vie de Saint Alexis |
vers 1050 |
verse |
4868 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1a) |
| Chanson de Roland |
vers 1100 |
verse |
28997 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1a) |
| Lapidaire en prose |
milieu 12e |
prose |
4765 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1a) |
| Tristan de Beroul |
entre 1165 et 1200 |
verse |
27052 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1a) |
| Yvain de Chretien de Troyes |
1177-81 |
verse |
41702 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(2) |
| Quatre Livres des Rois |
fin 12e |
prose |
13061 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1a) |
| Aucassin et Nicolete |
fin 12e/déb. 13e |
mixed |
9946 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1a) |
| La Conqueste de Constantinople de R. de Clari |
après 1205 |
prose |
33969 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1a) |
| Queste del Saint Graal |
vers 1220 |
prose |
40636 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1) |
| Miracles de G. de Coinci (NCA) |
1218-1227 |
verse |
4963 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(3) |
| Miracles de G. de Coinci |
1218-1227 |
verse |
17455 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1a) |
| Roman de la Rose de J.de Meun |
1269-1278 |
verse |
19462 |
tsbin |
tsxml |
rdf |
(1a) |
| All texts, conditions of use as specified below |
|
|
|
tsbin |
|
|
(5) |
|---|
Conditions of use:
- (1)
- (c) 2008-2014, Équipe BFM, CNRS/ENS-LYON and SRCMF.
a. the PDF version of the edition is available for free on the
BFM Portal
and
can be used under the terms of the Creative
Commons
BY-NC-SA License
b. the XML-TEI version of the edition (text source) is provided for
free on request to the BFM portal administrator
(bfm[at]ens-lyon.fr) and can be used under the terms of the same
license.
- (1a)
- License as in (1). For this text, no license holder could
be found. Its status will be changed if we receive justified claims, in
compliance with the statement of the BFM: «Nos recherches des
titulaires des droits de l'édition source de ce texte ont été
infructueuses. Nous retirerons ce texte de la BFM sur demande écrite
d'un ayant droit.»
- (2)
- (c) 2013, Pierre Kunstmann and SRCMF.
This edition is distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
License.
- (3)
- (c) 2013, NCA and SRCMF. Text from the
Nouveau Corpus
d'Amsterdam. Corpus
informatique de textes littéraires d'ancien français (ca
1150-1350), établi par Anthonij Dees (Amsterdam 1987) remanié par
Achim Stein, Pierre Kunstmann et Martin-D. Gleßgen. By
downloading this text, you accept the NCA
license agreement.
- (5)
- By downloading the complete corpus you accept the
conditions of use specified for the individual texts.
3 Documentation
3.1 First readings
3.2 The SRCMF grammar model
The syntactic categories of the SRCMF annotation and the grammatical
principles of the annotation are explained in detail in the
Fiches de documentation des catégories
SRCMF.
The fiches are a compilation of filecards (in French), with one
card for each category. They contain a large number of annotation
examples and are intended as a reference for corpus users and a
guideline for the annotation of new texts.
3.3 Further reading
- Have a look at the presentation of the corpus at the LSRL 43
(New York, 2013) to get an idea of the corpus and the annotation
principles. Download the
slides (pdf)
or watch the tools in action on
YouTube (17min.).
- Use the TigerSearch manual (part of the TigerSearch
installation, chapters 3 and 4) or the
documentation on the TigerSearch homepage
- This TIGER/SRCMF tutorial for
students
includes hints for the TIGERSearch installation and more query examples.
- Or try some of the queries we prepared for the SRCMF annotation (see section
4.2.3 below).
4 Tools
4.1 NotaBene
NotaBene is a tool for syntactic corpus annotation, developed by
Nicolas Mazziotta. It is described in
Mazziotta (2010a).
4.2 TigerSearch
4.2.1 TigerSearch distribution
- TigerSearch
Homepage.
TigerSearch was developed by the Institut für Maschinelle
Sprachverarbeitung, Universität Stuttgart, see Lezius (2002).
- Updated TigerSearch Distributions (ZIP files): use these files
for the installation (the original windows installation file does
not work in all versions of Windows, and the tiger.jar had to be
updated for Max OS X).
- for Windows: ZIP file (42 MB), unpack and
install under C: (i.e. in the top directory of your hard disk)
Start the programme by clicking on the file
C:\TigerSearch\bin\TigerSearch.exe
(don't confound the exe file with the Tiger icon file)
- for Mac: ZIP file, 44 MB, unpack and install
under [your home
directory]/Applications
Start the programme by clicking on the file
[your home directory]/Applications/TIGERSearch/lib/runTS.command
(if you wish to install the programme elsewhere, you must adapt
the path in runTS.command)
4.2.2 Syntactic concordances for TigerSearch
The KNIC
Concordances
tool allows the user to transform TIGER XML files containing search
results into a tabular format. See Rainsford & Heiden (2014)
(pdf
version)
for a scientific presentation of the tool; and the tutorial contains
instructions specific to SRCMF.
4.2.3 TigerSearch queries for SRCMF
Queries will be published here.
In the meantime, consult the TIGER/SRCMF tutorial
for some commented query examples (ready to paste into TigerSearch).
4.3 TXM
The text/corpus analysis platform TXM is available on
Sourceforge
for various platforms (Windows, Linux, Mac OS X).
4.4 TreeTagger and parameter files
The TreeTagger software can be downloaded from
Helmut Schmid's website.
The SRCMF project provides:
4.5 Models for dependency parsing
Parser models made available here may be downloaded for non-commercial, non-profit use only.
- For mate tools parsers:
link to homepage
(Bohnet & Nivre, 2012; Björkelund et al., 2010; Bohnet, 2010).
- The LREC 2014 model (ZIP,
47MB)
was trained on 11 SRCMF texts (206323 words). Input text must be
tokenized as in SRCMF (spaces after apostrophes, e.g. l'
ot, not l'ot). Punctuation is not recognized. The
training procedure is described in Stein (2014).
- Updated Old French models for two mate
tools
parsers, trained on SRCMF 0.9
texts, as described in Stein (2016). The
paper and a readme file are contained in the zip
archives. These models are provided for the LREC share your
LRs initiative.
- for the mate tools joint transition
parser (zip,
362MB):
joint analysis of part of speech, morphological features, and
dependencies
- for the mate tools graph-based parser
(zip
67MB):
contrary to the approach described in the LREC paper, this
package contains models for a full mate tools pipeline including
lemmatisation, part of speech, morphological features, and
dependencies. Results can be slightly improved if lemmatisation
and tagging are done using TreeTagger and Marmot,
see my other resources.
-
Björkelund, Anders, Bernd Bohnet, Love Hafdell & Pierre Nugues. 2010.
- A high-performance syntactic and semantic dependency parser.
In Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on
Computational Linguistics: Demonstrations COLING '10, 33-36. Stroudsburg,
PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics.
http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1944284.1944293.
-
Bohnet, Bernd. 2010.
- Top Accuracy and Fast Dependency Parsing is not a Contradiction.
In Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on
Computational Linguistics (Coling 2010), 89-97. Beijing, China: Coling 2010
Organizing Committee.
http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/C10-1011.
-
Bohnet, Bernd & Joakim Nivre. 2012.
- A Transition-Based System for Joint Part-of-Speech Tagging and
Labeled Non-Projective Dependency Parsing.
In Proceedings of the 2012 Joint Conference on Empirical
Methods in Natural Language Processing and Computational Natural Language
Learning, 1455-1465. Jeju Island, Korea: Association for Computational
Linguistics.
http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D12-1133.
-
Glikman, Julie. 2009.
- Parataxe et Subordination en Ancien Français.
Paris, Potsdam: Université Paris Ouest Nanterre/Universität
Potsdam.
-
Glikman, Julie. 2012.
- Les incises en croire, cuidier, penser en Ancien Français.
Linx. Numéro thématique 'Entre rection et incidence: des
constructions verbales atypiques?'
https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=ZGVmYXVsdGRvbWFpbnxnbGlrbWFuanVsaWV8Z3g6NTM1OTU4ZWI4MzQ5YzM4OQ.
-
Glikman, Julie & Nicolas Mazziotta. 2011.
- Représentation de l'oral et structures syntaxiques dans la prose de
la Queste del saint Graal.
In Représentation du sens linguistique V, 25-27 Mai 2011,
Chambéry, Chambéry: Éditions de l'Université de Savoie.
-
Guillot, Céline, Christiane Marchello-Nizia & Alexeij Lavrentiev. 2007.
- La Base de Français Médiéval (BFM): états et perspectives.
In Pierre Kunstmann & Achim Stein (eds.), Le Nouveau Corpus
d'Amsterdam. Actes de l'atelier de Lauterbad, 23-26 février 2006,
Stuttgart: Steiner.
-
Heiden, Serge. 2010.
- The TXM Platform: Building Open-Source Textual Analysis Software
Compatible with the TEI Encoding Scheme.
In Proceedings of the 24th Pacific Asia Conference on Language,
Information and Computation (PACLIC 24). 4-7 November 2010, Sendai, .
-
Heiden, Serge & Alexei Lavrentiev. 2012.
- The TXM Portal Software giving access to Old French Manuscripts
Online.
In Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Adaptation of Language
Resources and Tools for Processing Cultural Heritage Objects, Seventh
International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (ELRA),
Istanbul, Turkey, .
-
Heiden, Serge, Jean-Philippe Magué & Bénédicte Pincemin. 2010.
- TXM : Une plateforme logicielle open-source pour la textométrie -
conception et développement.
In Sergio Bolasco, Isabella Chiari & Luca Giuliano (eds.),
Statistical Analysis of Textual Data-Proceedings of 10th International
Conference JADT 2010, Rome, 9-11 juin 2010,
http://www.ledonline.it.
-
Kunstmann, Pierre & Achim Stein. 2007.
- Le Nouveau Corpus d'Amsterdam.
In Pierre Kunstmann & Achim Stein (eds.), Le Nouveau Corpus
d'Amsterdam. Actes de l'atelier de Lauterbad, 23-26 février 2006, 9-27.
Stuttgart: Steiner.
-
Lavrentiev, Alexei. 2010.
- La 'phrase' en français médiéval : une réalité ou une
reconstruction artificielle?
In Franck Neveu et al. (eds.), Actes du 2e Congrès Mondial de
Linguistique Française, La Nouvelle Orléans, 12-15 juillet 2010, 277-289.
Institut de Linguistique Française.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cmlf/2010125.
-
Lezius, Wolfgang. 2002.
- Ein Suchwerkzeug für syntaktisch annotierte Textkorpora
(German) Arbeitspapiere des Instituts für Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung
(AIMS), vol. 8, no. 4.
Stuttgart: Institut für Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung (IMS).
-
Mazziotta, Nicolas. 2009.
- Ponctuation et syntaxe dans la langue française médiévale.
Étude d'un corpus de chartes originales écrites à Liège entre 1236 et
1291 Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie; 354.
Tübingen: Niemeyer.
-
Mazziotta, Nicolas. 2010a.
- Building the 'Syntactic Reference Corpus of Medieval French' using
NotaBene RDF Annotation Tool.
In Proceedings of the 4th Linguistic Annotation Workshop (LAW
IV), www.aclweb.org/anthology/W/W10/W10-1820.pdf.
-
Mazziotta, Nicolas. 2010b.
- Logiciel NotaBene pour l'annotation linguistique. Annotations et
conceptualisations multiples.
Recherches qualitatives. Hors-série 'Les actes' 9. 83-94.
-
Mazziotta, Nicolas. 2012.
- Le Syntactic Reference Corpus of Medieval French: Structure, outils
et exploitation.
In A. Dister, D. Longrée & G. Purnelle (eds.), 11es Journées
internationales d'Analyse statistique des Données Textuelles (JADT),
701-713. Liège, Bruxelles: Université de Liège.
-
Mazziotta, Nicolas. in press.
- Traitement de la coordination dans le Syntactic Reference Corpus of
Medieval French (SRCMF).
In Actes du XXVIe Congrès de linguistique et de philologie
romanes (València, 2010), Berlin: de Gruyter.
accepted for publication 15.12.2010.
-
Pincemin, Bénédicte, Serge Heiden, Marie-Hélène Lay, Jean-Marc Leblanc &
Jean-Marie Viprey. 2010.
- Fonctionnalités textométriques : Proposition de typologie selon un
point de vue utilisateur.
In Sergio Bolasco, Isabella Chiari & Luca Giuliano (eds.),
Statistical Analysis of Textual Data -Proceedings of 10th International
Conference JADT 2010, Rome, 9-11 juin 2010,
http://www.ledonline.it.
-
Prévost, Sophie. 2002.
- Evolution de la syntaxe du pronom personnel sujet depuis le français
médiéval: la disparition d'alternances signifiantes.
In Dominique Lagorgette & Pierre Larrivée (eds.),
Représentations du sens linguistique, 309-329. München: Lincom.
-
Prévost, Sophie. 2003.
- Détachement et topicalisation: des niveaux d'analyse différents.
Cahiers de praxématique 40. 97-126.
-
Prévost, Sophie. 2009.
- Topicalisation, focalisation et constructions syntaxiques en
français médiéval : des relations complexes.
In D. Apothéloz, B. Combettes & F. Neveu (eds.), Les
linguistiques du détachement, actes du colloque international de Nancy,
427-439. Bern: Peter Lang.
-
Prévost, Sophie. 2010.
- Évolution de la position du sujet pronominal en français
médiéval: une approche sémantico-pragmatique.
In Franck Neveu et al. (eds.), Congrès Mondial de Linguistique
Française - CMLF 2010, Paris: Institut de Linguistique Française.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cmlf/2010106.
-
Prévost, Sophie. 2011a.
- Expression et position du sujet pronominal du 12ème au 14ème
siècle: une approche quantitative.
Paris: Recherche inédite en vue de l'obtention de l'HDR.
http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00667183.
-
Prévost, Sophie. 2011b.
- Expression et position du sujet pronominal en français.
In Jacques François & Sophie Prévost (eds.), L'évolution
grammaticale à travers les langues romanes. Mémoires de la Société de
Linguistique de Paris, Tome XIX, 13-33.
-
Rainsford, Thomas. 2011.
- The Emergence of Group Stress in Medieval French.
PhD Thesis: University of Cambridge.
http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/243900.
-
Rainsford, Thomas, Céline Guillot, Alexei Lavrentiev & Sophie Prévost. 2012.
- La zone préverbale en ancien français : apport des corpus annotés.
In Actes du 3e Congrès Actes du 3e Congrès Mondial de
Linguistique Française (CMLF), Lyon, July 2012, Paris: Institut de
Linguistique française.
-
Rainsford, Thomas M. & Serge Heiden. 2014.
- Key Node in Context (KNIC) Concordances: Improving Usability of an
Old French Treebank’,.
SHS Web of Conferences 8. 2707–2718.
-
Stein, Achim. 2008.
- Syntactic Annotation of Old French Text Corpora.
Corpus 7. 157-171.
-
Stein, Achim. 2014.
- Parsing Heterogeneous Corpora with a Rich Dependency Grammar.
In Nicoletta Calzolari et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the Ninth
International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'14),
26.-31.5.2014, Reykjavik, Iceland: European Language Resources Association
(ELRA).
http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2014/pdf/239_Paper.pdf.
-
Stein, Achim. 2016.
- Old French Dependency Parsing: Results of Two Parsers Analysed from a
Linguistic Point of View.
In Nicoletta Calzolari et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the Tenth
International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'16),
23.-28.5.2016, Portoroz, Slovenia: European Language Resources Association
(ELRA).
http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/lingrom/stein/downloads/stein2016_old-french-dependency-parsing.pdf.
-
Stein, Achim & Sophie Prévost. 2013.
- Syntactic annotation of medieval texts: the Syntactic Reference
Corpus of Medieval French (SRCMF).
In Paul Bennett, Martin Durrell, Silke Scheible & Richard Whitt
(eds.), New Methods in Historical Corpora Corpus Linguistics and
International Perspectives on Language, CLIP Vol. 3, 275-282. Tübingen:
Narr.
-
Stein, Achim & Helmut Schmid. 1995.
- Étiquetage morphologique de textes français avec un arbre de
décisions.
Traitement automatique des langues Volume 36, Numéro 1-2:
Traitements probabilistes et corpus. 23-35.
-
Stein, Achim & Carola Trips. 2012.
- Diachronic aspects of borrowing aspect: the role of Old French in the
development of the 'be going to+INF' construction.
In Actes du 3e Congrès Mondial de Linguistique Française
(CMLF), Lyon, 4-7 Juillet 2012, 227-246. Paris: Institut de Linguistique
française.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20120100254.
-
Stein, Achim et al. (eds.). 2006.
- Nouveau Corpus d'Amsterdam. Corpus informatique de textes
littéraires d'ancien français (ca 1150-1350), établi par Anthonij Dees
(Amsterdam 1987), remanié par Achim Stein, Pierre Kunstmann et Martin-D.
Gleßgen.
Stuttgart: Institut für Linguistik/Romanistik.
http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/lingrom/stein/corpus/.
5 ChangeLog
- 21.10.13
- Demo TIGER versions of two texts installed (graal,
yvain). See Download section 2.2.
- 14.07.13
- Internal TIGER version of the complete corpus
installed. See Download section 2.2.
- 26.03.14
- First parser models published (section
4.5). License conditions updated.
(Internal) TIGER version of the complete corpus updated.
New reviewed texts published.
- 02.03.15
- Documentation files updated. (Internal) TIGER version of the complete corpus updated.
- 06.03.15
- New texts published. License status changed for several texts.
- 24.09.15
- License conditions changed for some texts. Version numbering
for the full corpus introduced: this new version is 0.8. New attributes introduced to
facilitate some Tiger queries (see documentation).
- 01.10.15
- License conditions changed for Roman de la Rose.
- 25.10.15
- New resources for dependency parsing.
- 13.11.15
- Information about prose/verse added.
- 3.3.16
- Word numbers in table updated. 'Quatre Livres des Rois'
released. Direct speech marked in 'Yvain'. Full SRCMF corpus version
0.9 published.
- 11.3.16
- SRCMF version 0.91 published (bug fixes only in
the full versions. Aucassin was missing in the full version 0.9).
- 8.6.16
- Old French parser models (presented at LREC 2016) published.
- 16.8.17
- SRCMF version 0.92 published: Part of speech annotation
corrected in St. Alexis. All texts now freely downloadable.